10th Science Slow Learners Study Materials

Preparing for your board exams doesn't have to be a source of stress or anxiety. Our specialized Class 10 Science Slow Learners Study Materials are carefully curated to strip away confusing details and focus entirely on the core basics. We have broken down the vast syllabus into straightforward definitions, highly repetitive exam questions, and simple diagram labeling guides across Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Use these high-priority minimum learning resources to clear up your fundamentals, build real confidence, and secure passing marks comfortably.

SLOW LEARNER FOR 10TH

Easy Pass Kit

Subject	Important Units
Physics	1, 2, 4, 6
Chemistry	8, 10, 11
Biology	12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22

TERMS

Please learn all book back q/a properly.
Please answer all question properly.
Read question properly before answer the question.
Sometimes question have been changed so, first read the question properly.
Please try to avoid strikeout in answer paper.
Please try to avoid spelling mistake in answer paper.
If any mistake in question paper you must inform the hall supervisor.
Please check answer paper in last 10 minutes after complete the exam.
Don't try to copy others or cheat supervisor.
Don't make noise in exam hall.
Don't disturb others in exam hall.

Unit: 1 - Laws of motion

Answer briefly:

1. Inertia and its classification
The inherent property of the body to resist any change in its state of rest or state of motion, unless its influenced upon by an external unbalanced force is called inertia.
Types: i) Inertia of rest ii) Inertia of motion iii) Inertia of direction

2. Types of force
i) Like parallel force ii) Unlike parallel force

3. 5N and 15N are applying force then find resultant force ?
F₁ = 5 N, F₂ = 15 N
F_net = F₂ - F₁ = 15 - 5 = 10 N

4. Mass and Weight (any 2 points)

S.No	Mass	Weight
1.	The quantity of matter contained in the body	The gravitational force exerted on it due to earth's gravity
2.	SI unit kilogram	SI unit newton
3.	Scalar quantity	Vector quantity

5. Momentum of couple
• The rotating effect of couple is known as moment of couple.
• Moment of couple (M) = Force × perpendicular distance between line of action of force (M = F × S)

6. Principle of moments:
The algebraic sum of momentum in the clockwise direction is equal to the algebraic sum of momentum in anticlockwise direction.
F₁ × d₁ = F₂ × d₂

7. Newton's II law
The force acting on a body is directly proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum of the body and the change in momentum takes place in the direction of the force.
F = m × a

8. Spanner with long handle
• A spanner with long handle gives high torque with less force.
• So, tightening screw in heavy vehicle is easy with long handle spanner.

9. Cricket ball
• To increase the time of contact
• To reduce the impulse
• To decrease the pain

10. Astronaut float in a space shuttle
• Astronauts are not floating but falling freely around the earth due to large orbital velocity
• Since the space station and astronauts have equal acceleration, they are under free fall condition

Answer in detail:

1. Types of inertia
i) Inertia of rest: The resistance of a body to change its state of rest. Ex: When a tree branch is shaken vigorously, leaves get detached and they fall down.
ii) Inertia of motion: The resistance of a body to change its state of motion. Ex: An athlete runs some distance before jumping because this will help him to jump longer and higher.
iii) Inertia of direction: The resistance of a body to change its direction of motion. Ex: When we make a sharp turn while driving a car we tend to lean sideways.

2. Newton's laws of force
Newton's I law: Every body continues to be in its state of rest or state of uniform motion along a straight line unless it is acted upon by some external force.
Newton's II law: The force acting on a body is directly proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum of the body and the change in momentum takes place in direction of the force. (F = m × a)
Newton's III law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. They always act on two different bodies. (F_A = -F_B)

3. Deduction of Newton's II law
The force acting on a body is directly proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum of the body and change in momentum takes place in the direction of the force.
Initial momentum of the body, P_i = mu
Final momentum of the body, P_f = mv
Change in momentum, ΔP = P_f - P_i = mv - mu
F ∝ (Change in momentum) / time
F = k(mv - mu) / t
Here k = 1
F = m(v - u) / t
Since acceleration a = (v - u) / t
F = ma ⇒ Force = mass × acceleration

4. Law of conservation of linear momentum
Statement: There is no change in linear momentum of system of bodies as long as no net external force acts on them.
Proof:
• Let two bodies A and B have masses m₁ and m₂.
• Initial velocity of A and B be u₁ and u₂.
• During interval of time t seconds, they tend to have a collision.
• After collision, A and B move along a straight line with velocity v₁ and v₂.
Force on body B due to A:
F_A = [m₂(v₂ - u₂)] / t
Force on body A due to B:
F_B = [m₁(v₁ - u₁)] / t
By Newton's III law, F_B = -F_A
[m₁(v₁ - u₁)] / t = -[m₂(v₂ - u₂)] / t
m₁(v₁ - u₁) = -m₂(v₂ - u₂)
m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁u₁ + m₂u₂