10th Science (Biology) One-Mark Question Bank

Biology objectives require a sharp memory for complex terms, functions, and structural pathways. This comprehensive Class 10 Science (Biology) One-Mark Question Bank brings together the most essential short questions across all biological chapters into a single revision hub. Featuring high-yield multiple-choice questions (MCQs), diagram-labeling bits, hormone functions, and technical definitions, this resource helps you test your recall speed and ensure a perfect score in the objective section of your paper.

SSLC 10TH • ABN LEARNING HUB

BIOLOGY BOOKBACK ONEMARKS

UNIT: 12-22

Unit 12: PLANT ANATOMY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

1. Casparian strips are present in the _______ of the root.
a) cortex b) pith c) pericycle d) endodermis

2. The endarch condition is the characteristic feature of
a) root b) stem c) leaves d) flower

3. The xylem and phloem arranged side by side on same radius is called
a) radial b) amphivasal c) conjoint d) None of these

4. Which is formed during anaerobic respiration
a) Carbohydrate b) Ethyl alcohol c) Acetyl CoA d) Pyruvate

5. Kreb's cycle takes place in
a) chloroplast b) mitochondrial matrix c) stomata d) inner mitochondrial membrane

6. Oxygen is produced at what point during photosynthesis ?
a) when ATP is converted to ADP b) when CO₂ is fixed c) when H₂O is splitted d) All of these

Unit 13: STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION OF ANIMALS

1. In leech locomotion is performed by
a) Anterior sucker b) Parapodia c) Setae d) Contraction and relaxation of muscles

2. The segments of leech are known as
a) Metameres (somites) b) Proglottids c) Strobila d) All the above

3. Pharyngeal ganglion in leech is a part of
a) Excretory system b) Nervous system c) Reproductive system d) Respiratory system

4. The brain of leech lies above the
a) Mouth b) Buccal Cavity c) Pharynx d) Crop

5. The body of leech has
a) 23 segments b) 33 segments c) 38 segments d) 30 segments

6. Mammals are _______ animals.
a) Cold blooded b) Warm blooded c) Poikilothermic d) All the above

Unit 14: TRANSPORTATION IN PLANTS AND CIRCULATION IN ANIMALS

1. Active transport involves
a) movement of molecules from lower to higher concentration b) expenditure of energy c) it is an uphill task d) all of the above

2. Water which is absorbed by roots is transported to aerial parts of the plant through
a) cortex b) epidermis c) phloem d) xylem

3. During transpiration there is loss of
a) carbon dioxide b) oxygen c) water d) none of the above

4. Root hairs are
a) cortical cell b) projection of epidermal cell c) unicellular d) both b and c

5. Which of the following process requires energy?
a) active transport b) diffusion c) osmosis d) all of them

6. The wall of human heart is made of
a) Endocardium b) Epicardium c) Myocardium d) All of the above

7. Which is the correct sequence of blood flow
a) ventricle → atrium → vein → arteries b) atrium → ventricle → veins → arteries c) atrium → ventricle → arteries → vein d) ventricles → vein → atrium → arteries

8. A patient with blood group O was injured in an accident and has blood loss. Which group of blood should be used by doctor for transfusion?
a) O group b) AB group c) A or B group d) all blood group

9. 'Heart of heart' is called
a) SA node b) AV node c) Purkinje fibres d) Bundle of His

10. Which one of the following shows correct composition of blood
a) Plasma - Blood + Lymphocyte b) Serum - Blood + Fibrinogen c) Lymph - Plasma + RBC + WBC d) Blood - Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets

Unit 15: NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. Bipolar neurons are found in
(a) retina of eye (b) cerebral cortex (c) embryo (d) respiratory epithelium

2. Site for processing of vision, hearing, memory, speech, intelligence and thought is
(a) kidney (b) ear (c) brain (d) lungs

3. In reflex action, the reflex arc is formed by
(a) brain, spinal cord, muscle (b) receptor, muscle, spinal cord (c) muscle, receptor, brain (d) receptor, spinal cord, muscle

4. Dendrites transmit impulse _______ cell body and axon transmit impulse _______ cell body.
(a) away from, away from (b) towards, away from (c) towards, towards (d) away from, towards

5. The outer most of the three cranial meninges is
(a) arachnoid membrane (b) piamater (c) duramater (d) myelin sheath

6. There are _______ pairs of cranial nerves and _______ pairs of spinal nerves.
(a) 12, 31 (b) 31, 12 (c) 12, 13 (d) 12, 21

7. The neurons which carries impulse from the central nervous system to the muscle fibre.
(a) afferent neurons (b) association neuron (c) efferent neuron (d) unipolar neuron

8. Which nervous band connects the two cerebral hemispheres of brain?
(a) thalamus (b) hypothalamus (c) corpus callosum (d) pons

9. Node of Ranvier is found in
(a) muscles (b) axons (c) dendrites (d) cyton

10. Vomiting centre is located in
(a) medulla oblongata (b) stomach (c) cerebrum (d) hypothalamus

11. Nerve cells do not possess
(a) neurilemma (b) sarcolemma (c) axon (d) dendrites

12. A person who met with an accident lost control of body temperature, water balance, and hunger. Which of the following part of brain is supposed to be damaged?
(a) Medulla oblongata (b) cerebrum (c) pons (d) hypothalamus

Unit 16: PLANT AND ANIMAL HORMONES

1. Gibberellins cause:
a) Shortening of genetically tall plants b) Elongation of dwarf plants c) Promotion of rooting d) Yellowing of young leaves

2. The hormone which has positive effect on apical dominance is:
a) Cytokinin b) Auxin c) Gibberellin d) Ethylene

3. Which one of the following hormones is naturally not found in plants:
a) 2, 4-D b) GA3 c) Gibberellin d) IAA

4. Avena coleoptile test was conducted by
a) Darwin b) N. Smit c) Paal d) F.W. Went

5. LH is secreted by
a) Adrenal gland b) Thyroid gland c) Anterior pituitary d) Hypothalamus.

6. Identify the exocrine gland
a) Pituitary gland b) Adrenal gland c) Salivary gland d) Thyroid gland

7. Which organ acts as both exocrine gland as well as endocrine gland
a) Pancreas b) Kidney c) Liver d) Lungs

8. Which one is referred as "Master Gland"?
a) Pineal gland b) Pituitary gland c) Thyroid gland d) Adrenal gland

Unit 17: REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1. The plant which propagates with the help of its leaves is
a) Onion b) Neem c) Ginger d) Bryophyllum

2. Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in
a) Amoeba b) Yeast c) Plasmodium d) Bacteria

3. Syngamy results in the formation of
a) Zoospores b) Conidia c) Zygote d) Chlamydospores

4. The essential parts of a flower are
a) Calyx and Corolla b) Calyx and Androecium c) Corolla and Gynoecium d) Androecium and Gynoecium

5. Anemophilous flowers have
a) Sessile stigma b) Small smooth stigma c) Colored flower d) Large feathery stigma

6. Male gametes in angiosperms are formed by the division of
a) Generative cell b) Vegetative cell c) Microspore mother cell d) Microspore

7. What is true of gametes?
a) They are diploid b) They give rise to gonads c) They produce hormones d) They are formed from gonads

8. A single highly coiled tube where sperms are stored, get concentrated and mature is known as
a) Epididymis b) Vasa efferentia c) Vas deferens d) Seminiferous tubules

9. The large elongated cells that provide nutrition to developing sperms are
a) Primary germ cells b) Sertoli cells c) Leydig cells d) Spermatogonia

10. Estrogen is secreted by
a) Anterior pituitary b) Primary follicle c) Graafian follicle d) Corpus luteum

11. Which one of the following is an IUCD?
a) Copper - T b) Oral pills c) Diaphragm d) Tubectomy

Unit 18: GENETICS

1. According to Mendel alleles have the following character
a) Pair of genes b) Responsible for character c) Production of gametes d) Recessive factors

2. 9:3:3:1 ratio is due to
a) Segregation b) Crossing over c) Independent assortment d) Recessiveness

3. The region of the chromosome where the spindle fibres get attached during cell division
a) Chromomere b) Centrosome c) Centromere d) Chromonema

4. The centromere is found at the centre of the _______ chromosome.
a) Telocentric b) Metacentric c) Sub-metacentric d) Acrocentric

5. The _______ units form the backbone of the DNA.
a) 5 carbon sugar b) Phosphate c) Nitrogenous bases d) Sugar phosphate

6. Okazaki fragments are joined together by
a) Helicase b) DNA polymerase c) RNA primer d) DNA ligase

7. The number of chromosomes found in human beings are
a) 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of allosomes. b) 22 autosomes and 1 allosome c) 46 autosomes d) 46 pairs autosomes and 1 pair of allosomes.

8. The loss of one or more chromosome in a ploidy is called
a) Tetraploidy b) Aneuploidy c) Euploidy d) polyploidy

Unit 19: ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE

1. Biogenetic law states that
a. Ontogeny and phylogeny go together b. Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny c. Phylogeny recapitulates ontogeny d. There is no relationship between phylogeny and ontogeny

2. The 'use and disuse theory' was proposed by
a. Charles Darwin b. Ernst Haeckel c. Jean Baptiste Lamarck d. Gregor Mendel

3. Paleontologists deal with
a. Embryological evidences b. Fossil evidences c. Vestigial organ evidences d. All the above

4. The best way of direct dating fossils of recent origin is by
a. Radio-carbon method b. Uranium lead method c. Potassium-argon method d. Both (a) and (c)

5. The term Ethnobotany was coined by
a. Khorana b. J.W. Harshberger c. Ronald Ross d. Hugo de Vries

Unit 20: BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

1. Which method of crop improvement can be practised by a farmer if he is inexperienced?
a. clonal selection b. mass selection c. pureline selection d. hybridisation

2. Pusa Komal is a disease resistant variety of
a. sugarcane b. rice c. cow pea d. maize

3. Himgiri developed by hybridisation and selection for disease resistance against rust pathogens is a variety of
a. chilli b. maize c. sugarcane d. wheat

4. The miracle rice which saved millions of lives and celebrated its 50th birthday is
a. IR 8 b. IR 24 c. Atomita 2 d. Ponni

5. Which of the following is used to produce products useful to humans by biotechnology techniques?
a. enzyme from organism b. live organism c. vitamins d. both (a) and (b)

6. We can cut the DNA with the help of
a. scissors b. restriction endonucleases c. knife d. RNAase

7. rDNA is a
a. vector DNA b. circular DNA c. recombinant of vector DNA and desired DNA d. satellite DNA

8. DNA fingerprinting is based on the principle of identifying _______ sequences of DNA
a. single stranded b. mutated c. polymorphic d. repetitive

9. Organisms with modified endogenous gene or a foreign gene are also known as
(a) transgenic organisms (b) genetically modified (c) mutated (d) both a and b

10. In a hexaploid wheat (2n = 6x = 42) the haploid (n) and the basic (x) number of chromosomes respectively are
a. n = 7 and x = 21 b. n = 21 and x = 21
c. n = 7 and x = 7 d. n = 21 and x = 7

Unit 21: HEALTH AND DISEASES

1. Tobacco consumption is known to stimulate secretion of adrenaline. The component causing this could be
a) Nicotine b) Tannic acid c) Curcumin d) Leptin

2. World 'No Tobacco Day' is observed on
a) May 31 b) June 6 c) April 22 d) October 2

3. Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiations than normal cells because they are
a) Different in structure b) Non-dividing c) Mutated Cells d) Undergoing rapid division

4. Which type of cancer affects lymph nodes and spleen?
a) Carcinoma b) Sarcoma c) Leukemia d) Lymphoma

5. Excessive consumption of alcohol leads to
a) Loss of memory b) Cirrhosis of liver c) State of hallucination d) Suppression of brain function

6. Coronary heart disease is due to
a) Streptococci bacteria b) Inflammation of pericardium c) Weakening of heart valves d) Insufficient blood supply to heart muscles

7. Cancer of the epithelial cells is called
a) Leukemia b) Sarcoma c) Carcinoma d) Lipoma

8. Metastasis is associated with
a) Malignant tumour b) Benign tumour c) Both (a) and (b) d) Crown gall tumour

9. Polyphagia is a condition seen in
a) Obesity b) Diabetes mellitus c) Diabetes insipidus d) AIDS

10. Where does alcohol affect immediately after drinking?
a) Eyes b) Auditory region c) Liver d) Central nervous system

Unit 22: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

1. Which of the following is / are a fossil fuel?
i. Tar ii. Coal iii. Petroleum
a) i only b) i and ii c) ii and iii d) i, ii and iii

2. What are the steps will you adopt for better waste management?
a) reduce the amount of waste formed b) reuse the waste c) recycle the waste d) all of the above

3. The gases released from vehicles exhaust are
i. carbon monoxide ii. Sulphur dioxide iii. Oxides of nitrogen
a) i and ii b) i and iii c) ii and iii d) i, ii and iii

4. Soil erosion can be prevented by
a) deforestation b) afforestation c) overgrazing d) removal of vegetation

5. A renewable source of energy is
a) petroleum b) coal c) nuclear fuel d) trees

6. Soil erosion is more where there is
a) no rainfall b) low rainfall c) rainfall is high d) none of these

7. An inexhaustible resource is
a) wind power b) soil fertility c) wild life d) all of the above

8. Common energy source in village is
a) electricity b) coal c) biogas d) wood and animal dung

9. Greenhouse effect refers to
a) cooling of earth b) trapping of UV rays c) cultivation of plants d) warming of earth

10. A cheap, conventional, commercial and inexhaustible source of energy is
a) hydropower b) solar energy c) wind energy d) thermal energy

11. Global warming will cause
a) raise in level of oceans b) melting of glaciers c) sinking of islands d) all of these

12. Which of the following statement is wrong with respect to wind energy
a) wind energy is a renewable energy b) the blades of windmill are operated with the help of electric motor c) production of wind energy is pollution free d) usage of wind energy can reduce the consumption of fossil fuels

Unit 23: VISUAL COMMUNICATION

1. Which software is used to create animation ?
a) Paint b) PDF c) MS Word d) Scratch

2. All files are stored in the
a) Folder b) box c) Paint d) scanner

3. Which is used to build scripts?
a) Script area b) Block palette c) stage d) sprite

4. Which is used to edit programs?
a) Inkscape b) script editor c) stage d) sprite

5. Where you will create category of blocks?
a) Block palette b) Block menu c) Script area d) sprite